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Free Download Top 4 Canine Endocrine Disorders Full Pdf

Free Download Top 4 Canine Endocrine Disorders Full Pdf

By Veterinary Knowledge Facebook Page

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1. Underactive Thyroid (Hypothyroidism)

Typical Case: Older dog showing subtle signs.

Signs: Gaining weight, low energy, intolerance to exercise, feeling cold.

Appearance:* Hair loss with a rat tail and dry coat.

- *Rare Complication: Severe cases may have a tragic facial expression, stupor, and weakness.

Cause: Thyroid inflammation or shrinkage.

Diagnosis:

  - First Tests: Blood count, Chemistry panel, Total T4.

  - More if T4 is low: Free T4, Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH), and others.

Treatment: Daily synthetic thyroid hormone (levothyroxine).

Monitoring: Regular checks for improvement.

Note: Cats rarely experience this; it's more common in dogs.


2. Sugar Problem (Diabetes Mellitus)

Typical Case: Older dog, excessive thirst, hunger, weight loss, and potential eye issues.

Cause: Immune system attacking the pancreas.

Risk Factors: Overweight, steroid use, pregnancy.

Diagnosis:

  - Initial Tests: Blood count, Chemistry panel, Urinalysis.

  - Additional: Serum fructosamine for long-term glucose levels.

Treatment: Insulin shots, specific diet.

Monitoring: Regular blood glucose checks, fructosamine, and clinical parameters.

Complications: Watch for infections and cataracts.

3. Cushing’s Syndrome (HAC)

Typical Case: Older dog with excessive drinking, eating, panting, and a pot-bellied appearance.

- Other Signs: Thinning skin, muscle weakness.

- Cause: Issues with the pituitary gland, adrenal tumor, or medication side effects.

- Diagnosis:

  - Initial Tests: Blood count, Chemistry panel, Urinalysis.

  - Confirmatory Tests: ACTH stimulation, Low-dose dexamethasone suppression.

- Treatment: Depends on the cause (medication or surgery).

- Monitoring: Regularly check for symptoms.


4. Adrenal Crisis (Addison’s Disease)

- Typical Case: Female dogs at risk, symptoms vary and worsen with stress.

- Progression: Can lead to severe weakness, vomiting, dehydration, and low blood pressure.

- Cause: Immune system attacking adrenal glands or medication side effects.

- Forms: Typical (lack of multiple adrenal hormones) and Atypical (lack of one hormone).

- Diagnosis:

 - Initial Tests: Blood count, Chemistry panel.

 - Typical Findings: Imbalance in sodium, potassium, glucose, and others.

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